Global Gender Gap Index, 2022


2022 Global Gender Gap Index: The World Economic Forum(WEF) recently released the Global Gender Gap Index, 2022 (GGGI 2022).

Key findings of the index:

  • As per the index, it will now take 132 years to reach gender parity, with the gap reducing only by four years since 2021 and the gender gap closed by 68.1%.
  • South Asia will take the longest to reach gender parity, which is estimated to be likely in 197 years.

Global Gender Gap Score of India:

  • India ranks poorly among its neighbours and is behind Bangladesh (71), Nepal (96), Sri Lanka (110), Maldives (117) and Bhutan (126).
  • Only the performance of Iran (143), Pakistan (145) and Afghanistan(146) was worse than India in South Asia.
  • As per the index India is ranked at 135 out of 146 countries.
  • In 2022, India’s overall score has improved from 0.625 (in 2021) to 0.629.

India ranks -

  • 146 in health and survival,
  • 143 in economic participation and opportunity,
  • 107 in educational attainment and
  • 48 in political empowerment.
  • India has scored the seventh-highest score in the last 16 years.
  • In 2021, India was ranked 140 out of 156 countries.
  • India also “recovered” ground since 2021 in economic participation and opportunity though the report goes on to add that the labour force participation shrunk for both men (by -9.5 percentage points) and women (-3 percentage points).

Global findings:

  • Although no country achieved full gender parity, the top 10 economies closed at least 80% of their gender gaps, with Iceland (90.8%) leading the global ranking.
  • Iceland (90.8%) has retained its place as the world’s most gender-equal country, followed by  Finland (86%, 2nd), Norway (84.5%, 3rd) and Sweden (82.2%, 5th) and New Zealand ( (84.1%) are in the top five.

 What is Global Gender Gap Index?

  • The first Global Gender Gap Report was published in 2006 by the World Economic Forum (WEF).
  • Global Gender Gap Index benchmarks the current state and evolution of gender parity across four key dimensions:
  1. Economic Participation and Opportunity- This includes indicators like the proportion of women in the labour force, salary parity for comparable job, earned income, etc.
  2.  Educational Attainment- This sub-index takes into account indicators including the literacy rate and enrollment rates for primary, secondary, and postsecondary education.
  3. Health and Survival- This includes two metrics: the sex ratio at birth (in %) and healthy life expectancy (in years).
  4. Political Empowerment- This includes statistics like the proportion of women in parliament and government positions, among other things.
  • On each of the above four dimensions as well as overall, the index provides scores between 0 and 1 where 1 shows full gender parity and 0 is complete imparity.
  • Its cross-country comparisons are intended to aid in the identification of the most successful gender gap-closing policies.

 


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